Porphyrins, as an organic photosensitizer in medicine, play a very important role in photodynamic therapy. Their main mechanism is to absorb laser energy to produce reactive oxygen species, so as to achieve therapeutic purposes. In this paper, the basic synthetic route, the characteristics of each generation of porphyrin photosensitizers and the scientific research of porphyrin photosensitizers are reviewed. At present, porphyrin photosensitizers are widely used in photodynamic therapy, and with the development of new photosensitizers, photodynamic therapy will have a prominent application prospect in clinical treatment.

The geometrical structure of the 1,2,3⁃triazole compounds was optimized by B3LYP/6⁃31G* in density functional theory (DFT), and the obtained structure was confirmed to be the optimal structure by frequency calculation. Based on the optimized configuration, the frontier orbital energy levels and energy gaps of compounds were analyzed. The charge of ADCH in the molecule was calculated, and the theoretical absorption spectra, fluorescence emission wavelengths and IR spectra of these compounds were simulated. Through the analysis of the hydrogen bond interaction with HIV⁃1 protease, it is concluded that this series of derivatives is expected to be used as an imaging anti⁃protein inhibitor. In addition, the reaction mechanism between β⁃lactam carbene and 3,6⁃dipyrazine⁃1,2,4,5⁃tetrazine was studied, and the synthesis mechanism was further clarified, which provided a theoretical basis for the future synthesis of the series of compounds. This provides a theoretical basis for the synthesis of this series of compounds in the future.

N,N'⁃methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) is used as a crosslinking agent, octadecyl acrylate (SA) is a hydrophobic monomer, and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) is a hydrophilic monomer. Vinyl porphyrin (MTPP) is a photothermal monomer, and PSDM⁃MTPP shape memory hydrogel with red light responsiveness was successfully prepared by free radical copolymerization. The experimental results show that a low light intensity (<528 mW/cm2) and a short irradiation time can motivate the PSDM⁃MTPP hydrogel recover to original shape. Moreover, maintaining multiple intermediate states and regioselective responses. This shape memory gel with fast response, high recovery rate, remote control and spatial selectivity has potential application value in biomedical field. The obtained shape memory hydrogel with fast response, high recovery rate, remote control and spatial selectivity provided potential application in biomedical field.